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This section of the manual is split into different sections for ease of use, one section covering Mac OS 10.8+ installations, and another covering Windows hosted print queueA print queue displays information about documents that are waiting to be printed, such as the printing status, document owner, and number of pages to print. You can use the print queue to view, pause, resume, restart, and cancel print jobs. setup. In most cases only one section applies on your network. As Mac systems have become more popular recently, many sites are opting for Mac print servers to support their Mac workstations. You can install PaperCut NG/MF directly on a Mac print serverA print server is a system responsible for hosting print queues and sharing printer resources to desktops. Users submit print jobs to a print server rather then directly to the printer itself. A print server can be a dedicated server but on many networks this server also performs other tasks, such as file serving, offering native, end-to-end Mac printing.
My cups IPP print server isn't working on mac. I have a Brother HL-L2320D series printer. I have these packages installed (on arch). On windows I was able to add a connection to this print server by adding a printer with the name (url) and print fine. I can print fine on windows and on linux(the pc hosting the ipp server), but not on mac. Stack Exchange Network. Stack Exchange network consists of 176 Q&A communities including Stack Overflow, the largest, most trusted online community for developers to learn, share their knowledge, and build their careers. Visit Stack Exchange. Locate Print and Document Services and enable the item named LPD Print Server and then click OK. Installing the LPD printer on your Mac OS X systems: The next step is to install the printer onto your Mac OS X system using the following steps. Open Print & Fax within the System Preferences of your operating system. How you get to the traceroute utility on a Linux computer varies depending on which distribution you run. Generally speaking, you access it the same way you would access it on a Windows computer, by opening a command prompt. You’ll usually type the full name, traceroute, rather than the Windows name, tracert. Mac printing in detail. This section of the manual is split into different sections for ease of use, one section covering Mac OS 10.8+ installations, and another covering Windows hosted print queue A print queue displays information about documents that are waiting to be printed, such as the printing status, document owner, and number of pages to print.
Terminology
Below is an overview of the common terminology.
Print queue: There are typically two ways of providing shared multi-system access to a printer:
- Configure each system to print directly to the device. The device needs to be networkable (e.g. have an Ethernet connection) and support multiple connections.
- Configure a shared print queue. In this setup, only one system connects directly to the device (e.g. a server) and in turn the device is shared on the network via a print queue. Other systems on the network print to the shared queue rather than directly to the device.
Option 2 is regarded as a better solution on multi-user networks as it provides a higher level of scalability, allows for centralized administration, and allows administrators to move or remap devices without needing to propagate changes to workstations. PaperCut NG/MF requires a shared print queue as it works by intercepting the jobs as they pass through the server's queue.
CUPSCommon User Printing System (CUPS) is a printing system for Unix operating systems that allows a computer to act as a print server. A computer running CUPS is a host that can accept print jobs from client computers, process them, and send them to the appropriate printer.: CUPS is the print queue system used by Mac. This is the same queue system used by many other UNIX based platforms including popular Linux distributions. Apple is a major supporter of CUPS.
![Mac Mac](/uploads/1/1/7/9/117948296/624139150.jpg)
IP PrintingIP Printing is a generic term used to describe a number of print protocols that are used to exchange print documents between a computer, a server queue, or a physical printer.: This is a generic term used to describe a number of print protocols that are used to exchange print documents between a computer, a server queue, or a physical printer. (Note: This term is also occasionally used incorrectly to describe the 'JetDirect' print protocol discussed below)
IPPThe Internet Printing Protocol (IPP) is an Internet protocol for communication between a print server and its clients. It allows clients to send one or more print jobs to the server and perform administration such as querying the status of a printer, obtaining the status of print jobs, or cancelling individual print jobs. IPP can run locally or over the Internet. Unlike other printing protocols, IPP also supports access control, authentication, and encryption, making it a much more capable and secure printing mechanism than older ones.: This is an acronym for Internet Printing Protocol. This is the 'native' print protocol used by CUPS and the Mac. It's a modern protocol designed to work well on modern networks including local networks, or even over the internet or a WAN.
LPRThe Line Printer Remote protocol (LPR) is a network protocol for submitting print jobs to a remote printer. A server for the LPD/LPR protocol listens for requests on TCP port 515. A request begins with a byte containing the request code, followed by the arguments to the request, and is terminated by an ASCII LF character. An LPD printer is identified by the IP address of the server machine and the queue name on that machine. Many different queue names may exist in one LPD server, with each queue having unique settings. The LPR software is installed on the client device.: LPR/LPDThe Line Printer Daemon protocol (LPD) is a network protocol for submitting print jobs to a remote printer. A server for the LPD/LPR protocol listens for requests on TCP port 515. A request begins with a byte containing the request code, followed by the arguments to the request, and is terminated by an ASCII LF character. An LPD printer is identified by the IP address of the server machine and the queue name on that machine. Many different queue names may exist in one LPD server, with each queue having unique settings. The LPD software is stored on the printer or print server. is the traditional UNIX based print protocol.
JetDirect/Socket: This is a very simple print protocol used to transmit print jobs to a physical printer on a TCP network. The printer accepts connections on port 9100. In Windows, this print protocol is often referred to as a Standard TCP/IP Port, and in some cases generally as IP Printing. Almost all network printers support this method.
BonjourBonjour is Apple's implementation of zero-configuration networking (zeroconf), a group of technologies that includes service discovery, address assignment, and hostname resolution. Bonjour locates devices such as printers, other computers, and the services that those devices offer on a local network using multicast Domain Name System (mDNS) service records. Printing: This is not a print protocol, but instead is Apple’s method of publishing printers on a network so workstations can locate the device/queue.
Where possible PaperCut NG/MF works with all print protocols, however, we do recommend some over others. The following set up procedure highlights methods that have shown to work in most environments.
PaperCut’s recommended setup procedure is:
- Install the printers on the server using a compatible driver.
- Test printing from the server.
- Share your printers.
- Set up the workstations to connect to the server's shared print queues.
Optional hardware configuration
Some printer models support several of the connection methods listed above. If the printer offers the option to disable these protocols through their web administration page, you should turn off all except the connection method that you will use. This minimizes the chance of incorrect configuration, and the chance of a workstation user discovering the printer directly. Some printers also support access control via IP address. If this is available, consider setting access control so only the server IP can submit print jobs directly to the printer.
Handling unauthenticated systems (e.g. laptops)
Print queues in Mac OS X by default are unauthenticated. Authentication in an Open Directory environment is instead performed at the time of system login. Unauthenticated systems such as laptops fall outside this. The introduction of unauthenticated systems on your network mandates the need for an extra layer of authentication. To address this need, PaperCut offers two options:
- Popup authentication via the PaperCut client software.
- Authentication via a Release StationPrint Release Stations place a print job on hold and allow users to release it when required. Often a Release Station is a dedicated PC terminal located next to the printers, however, Release Stations can take other forms such as a web browser based interface. Some common examples where Release Stations can be used include secure printing, approved printing, and authentication. In a secure printing environment jobs are only printed when the user arrives at the print area and confirms his or her identity. This ensures the user is there to collect the job and other users can't 'accidentally' collect the document. In some organizations it may be appropriate to hold jobs until they are approved by selected individuals. A good example would be a teacher approving printing on an expensive color printer. Hold/Release queues can be used as a form of authentication in an unauthenticated environment. Users must authenticate prior to releasing their jobs allowing PaperCut NG to confirm their identity. or the web-based release interface (end user login > Jobs pending release).
It is your decision whether or not the authentication policy/procedure is to be applied to all systems on the network, or just 'untrusted' laptops.
Network-wide policy
This is the simplest solution and provides a consistent procedure and policy across all your users irrespective of their access method (such as via workstation or their own laptop). Select your authentication method and enable this option on ALL print queues. The set up procedure for both methods is summarized as follows:
Using popup authentication
- Select the Unauthenticated printer option on all printers. You can apply this to multiple printers via Copy settings from Printer to Printer.
- Ensure that all workstations have the PaperCut client software installed. This includes both authenticated lab systems and laptops. The PaperCut client must be running to be able to print successfully.
- Instruct users that they need to enter their username and password in the PaperCut client. You you can set PaperCut NG/MF to save the credentials for a defined period of time if required.
Using hold/release queue authentication
- Select the Enable the hold/release queue check box on all print queues. Jobs do not print until a user has authenticated and released the job.
- Set up Release Stations, or, on the Options tab in the PaperCut Admin web interface, select the Allow users to view held jobs check box.
- Instruct users on how to release their jobs. This procedure must be followed by all users.
Laptop only policy (advanced)
One problem with the network-wide policy discussed above is that the authentication method (e.g. client popup or hold/release queue) also applies to authenticated systems. In some ways this is a positive (i.e. provides a consistent policy), while in other ways it can be viewed as an unnecessary on trusted authenticated systems. This section discusses a solution appropriate for larger sites.
The solution is to set up two servers. One server hosts a set of queues for authenticated systems, while the other server provides queues for unauthenticated systems. Network router or firewall rules are used to ensure that only authenticated systems have access to the authenticated queues. Laptops systems must use the other queues. This is best done with partitioned IP address ranges and/or subnets. An experienced network administrator can assist with restricted server access by IP address.
Eliminating popup authentication via Mac Login Hook
You can use popup authenticationPopup authentication involves matching the source IP address of the print job with the user confirmed to be operating from the popup client IP address. Authentication is provided by the PaperCut NG client software in the form of a popup dialog requesting a username and password. To print with popup authentication the client software must be running on the workstations or laptops. to provide a secure environment. For example, there might be a mix of lab systems and unauthenticated laptops. The lab systems are managed and secured via authentication against a central user directory source, while the unmanaged systems (e.g. laptops) are limited to local user authentication only so user identity is indeterminate. Use popup authentication at the print queue level to provide an added level of user verification.
This is an advanced topic and is targeted at experienced Mac administrators with command-line knowledge. The double-authentication is eliminated by having the system login also perform the PaperCut log in via the system login hook. After the administrator has confirmed that the workstation is securely authenticating via a central directory service, they endorse the system by copying a shared secret file onto the workstation. To perform this endorsement, follow these steps:
- Setup the PaperCut client on the workstation and configure it to start via the login hook as explained in detail in Multi-User Install.
- Use a secure method (e.g. USB key or scp) to copy the file located on the PaperCut primary server at:[app-path]/server/data/pc-shared-secret.datto the workstation in either of the following locations:/etc/pc-shared-secret.dat or /Library/PCClient/pc-shared-secret.dat
- Set ownership and permissions on the file using the command line as follows:sudo chown root /etc/pc-shared-secret.dat sudo chmod 600 /etc/pc-shared-secret.dat
- Test login and verify that PaperCut popup authentication step has been eliminated by printing to an unauthenticated printer. Confirm that the job prints and logs as expected.
- Repeat the steps above for each trusted directory authenticated system (e.g. lab system) on the network, or use system imaging processes.
A traceroute is a diagnostic test that you perform from your computer. The traceroute results display the path across the network (Internet) that data takes from your computer to a destination. Usually, that destination computer will be a webserver, and you’ll be using a traceroute to help determine why a website is slow or unresponsive.
When a website is slow or unresponsive, our first thought is to assume there is a problem with the webserver. While a problem on the webserver is certainly possible, it’s also just as likely that there is a problem somewhere on the path between your computer server itself. The traceroute can show you where the problem is.
First, we’ll explain how to do a traceroute (from Windows, Mac, or Linux), and then talk about what the results mean.
Windows
To do a traceroute on a Windows computer we’ll use the TRACERT utility.
- Click the Windows icon and type “cmd.”
- Click the “Command Prompt” link or icon.
- Type “tracert” followed by the domain name that you want to trace to. Hit the “Enter” key on your keyboard.
- The traceroute will run and the results will be displayed.
Mac
Using Terminal
- Launch Terminal (/Applications/Utilities). You can also use the Spotlight Search function.
- Enter the word traceroute, followed by a space, then the domain name for which you want to run a traceroute and then hit enter.
Using Network Utility
- Launch Network Utility. You can access Network Utility
- by searching with Spotlight. To do that, simply press Command and Space then type “Network Utility.”
- by going to the CoreServices folder (/System/Library/CoreServices/Applications/). You may access this folder by going to Finder > Go > “Go to Folder…”.
- Select Traceroute
- Enter a domain name.
- Click Trace.
Linux
How you get to the traceroute utility on a Linux computer varies depending on which distribution you run. Generally speaking, you access it the same way you would access it on a Windows computer, by opening a command prompt.
You’ll usually type the full name, traceroute, rather than the Windows name, tracert. So for example:
If traceroute is not available in your Linus installation, you may have to install it.
Some Linux distributions require you to specify the protocol after -I:
Making Sense of the Results
If GreenGeeks technical support has asked you to run a traceroute and send them the results, their diagnosis and conclusions may differ slightly from what we cover in this section. That’s because we are taking a high-level overview here and not going too deeply into the technical weeds. If you’re curious about the technical details of traceroute you can learn more about them here.
When your computer connects to a website, it travels a path that goes through several points, starting with your home router, then moving on to your ISP, then out onto the Internet. Your request will bounce through several computers (a.k.a. routers or gateways) along the way until it gets to the website’s local network (the web host’s data center) then finally to the server itself.
Each stop along the way is known as a “hop.”
Here’s how our example breaks down:
So as you can see, the traceroute shows the path and the response times for each stop along the route. If there’s a connection problem anywhere along the way, you’ll see it in the response times.
Our demonstration traceroute doesn’t show any problems. Any response time of 150 ms or less is pretty standard for a traceroute where your computer and the webserver are in the same country.
A traceroute that has to travel to another country will often reflect the distance in increased response times.
Like this traceroute from my computer in California to a server in China:
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You can see that as soon as the connection hits the Internet, the response times are much slower. 100 ms is added to most hops. That is common when accessing servers on other continents. Response times up into the 300s are not unusual.
What You’re Seeing in Each Line of the Traceroute
Let’s break down one of the lines in our test trace to show you what kind of information is in there.
- First is the hop number which is just the number of the hop on the route to the target server.
- Next are the round trip times (in miliseconds) for your packets to reach the router and return to your computer. There are three round trip times because the traceroute sends three separate packets in order to show the consistency of the route.
- Finally, the domain name and IP address of the router.
Time Out! This Must Be the Problem!
Web Server For Linux
Sometimes you’ll see a time out in the traceroute.
That could mean that a router is down. Or it could mean that the router is configured not to return results to a traceroute. It could also mean that the router has a firewall enabled, or it is returning a time-out result for all the hops before it.
As I mentioned earlier, there are some deep technical weeds you can get lost in when interpreting traceroute results. Things are not always what they seem. “Request timed out” is one of those things that is not always what it appears.
The GreenGeeks support staff can usually determine whether the time out is a problem or not.
How to Copy and Paste Traceroute Results
If you’ve been asked to share your results with a support representative, you’ll need to paste them into your ticket.
Windows
Right-click inside the command prompt window and select “Mark.”
Right-click inside the command prompt window and select “Mark.”
Click and drag your mouse over the area you wish to copy.
Hit the “Enter” key on your keyboard (or right-click in the title bar of the command prompt window and select Edit > Copy).
Now you can paste into a text file or support ticket.
You can also use this cool trick to write traceroute results to a text file. From the command prompt run:
When I run this example, it performs the trace and writes the results to a file named traceroute.txt on the desktop of my computer.
You can change C: to any folder or path where you want to save the file.
You won’t get a confirmation that the command has completed, just a blank prompt.
Mac or Linux
Similar to the Windows instructions above, you can run a command that outputs the results to a text file:
Similar to the Windows instructions above, you can run a command that outputs the results to a text file:
Is There an Online traceroute Tool I Can Use?
Yes and no.
Generally speaking, you want to run a traceroute from your home computer. An online test can’t do that.
However – there are some online traceroute tests that can be useful. If users from other parts of the world are saying they are experiencing slowness or time outs on your site, running a traceroute from multiple locations can help you discover where the problem may be.
There are also some mobile apps that will run a traceroute from your phone. For example, Network Analyzer on an Android phone, or Nice Trace on an iPhone.
The rule of thumb is you want to run the traceroute from the computer you are using when you see a problem with a site.